Quantitative Assessment of Altered Rectal Mucosal Permeability Due to Rectally Applied Nonoxynol-9, Biopsy, and Simulated Intercourse

Quantitative assessment of altered rectal mucosal permeability due to rectally applied nonoxynol-9, biopsy, and simulated intercourse.

BACKGROUND Microbicide toxicity may reduce the efficacy of topical preexposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. Noninvasive quantitative measures of microbicide toxicity would usefully inform microbicide development. METHODS Ten subjects received 3 one-time interventions: 5 mL of Normosol-R fluid alone (negative control), 5 mL of 2% nonoxynol-9 (N-9) gel, and 5...

Altered gastrointestinal mucosal permeability in asthma

Methods GIP in ten patients followed in a regional referral centre in Northern Alberta was assessed. Patients were classified as allergic versus non-allergic on the basis of skin allergen testing. GIP was evaluated using an assay with established normal range values. Patients ingested a solution containing sucrose, mannitol and lactulose and urine was collected and assayed using high-performanc...

Are there alternatives to nonoxynol-9 spermicide?

You're certainly not alone in your interest of this method. Spermicide is a popular option for birth control because it is easily accessible, simple to use, and provides added lubrication. Results from recent scientific studies for newer alternatives look promising, but more research is still needed. Some of the new ingredients being studied that may be able to function as spermicide (and provi...

A Phase 1 Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Rectal Safety and Acceptability Study of Tenofovir 1% Gel (MTN-007)

OBJECTIVE Rectal microbicides are needed to reduce the risk of HIV acquisition associated with unprotected receptive anal intercourse. The MTN-007 study was designed to assess the safety (general and mucosal), adherence, and acceptability of a new reduced glycerin formulation of tenofovir 1% gel. METHODS Participants were randomized 1:1:1:1 to receive the reduced glycerin formulation of tenof...

Simulation and Experimental Investigation of the Permeability Reduction due to Asphaltene Deposition in Porous Media